retrograde$70112$ - определение. Что такое retrograde$70112$
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Что (кто) такое retrograde$70112$ - определение

TYPE OF MUSICAL PERMUTATION
Retrograde-inversion; Inverse retrograde; Retrograde inverse; Inverse-retrograde; Retrograde-inverse
  • 978-0-521-68200-8}} (pbk).</ref> P R I IR

Retrograde amnesia         
  • <u>Types of RA</u> can be divided into two main categories: ''temporally graded RA and pure forms of RA''. Individuals with pure forms of RA like ''focal, isolated, and pure RA'' do not have anterograde amnesia (AA).
LOSS OF MEMORY OF EVENTS THAT IN OCCURRED BEFORE THE ONSET OF AMNESIAC CONDITION
Amnesia, retrograde
In neurology, retrograde amnesia (RA) is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past. It is caused by an injury or the onset of a disease.
retrograde         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Retrograde (disambiguation); Retrograde (song); Retrograde (film)
A retrograde action is one that you think makes a situation worse rather than better. (FORMAL)
The Prime Minister described transferring education to central government funding as 'a retrograde step'.
ADJ: usu ADJ n
Retrograde         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Retrograde (disambiguation); Retrograde (song); Retrograde (film)
·vi To go in a retrograde direction; to move, or appear to move, backward, as a planet.
II. Retrograde ·vi Hence, to decline from a better to a worse condition, as in morals or intelligence.
III. Retrograde ·adj Declining from a better to a worse state; as, a retrograde people; retrograde ideas, morals, ·etc.
IV. Retrograde ·adj Apparently moving backward, and contrary to the succession of the signs, that is, from east to west, as a planet.
V. Retrograde ·adj Tending or moving backward; having a backward course; contrary; as, a retrograde motion;
- opposed to progressive.

Википедия

Retrograde inversion

Retrograde inversion is a musical term that literally means "backwards and upside down": "The inverse of the series is sounded in reverse order." Retrograde reverses the order of the motif's pitches: what was the first pitch becomes the last, and vice versa. This is a technique used in music, specifically in twelve-tone technique, where the inversion and retrograde techniques are performed on the same tone row successively, "[t]he inversion of the prime series in reverse order from last pitch to first."

Conventionally, inversion is carried out first, and the inverted form is then taken backward to form the retrograde inversion, so that the untransposed retrograde inversion ends with the pitch that began the prime form of the series. In his late twelve-tone works, however, Igor Stravinsky preferred the opposite order, so that his row charts use inverse retrograde (IR) forms for his source sets, instead of retrograde inversions (RI), although he sometimes labeled them RI in his sketches.

For example, the forms of the row from Requiem Canticles are as follows:

 P0: 0 2 t e 1 8 6 7 9 4 3 5
 R0: 5 3 4 9 7 6 8 1 e t 2 0
 I0: 0 t 2 1 e 4 6 5 3 8 9 7
RI0: 7 9 8 3 5 6 4 e 1 2 t 0
IR0: 5 7 6 1 3 4 2 9 e 0 8 t

Note that IR is a transposition of RI, the pitch class between the last pitches of P and I above RI.

Other compositions that include retrograde inversions in its rows include works by Tadeusz Baird and Karel Goeyvaerts. One work in particular by the latter composer, Nummer 2, employs retrograde of the recurring twelve-tone row B–F–F–E–G–A–E–D–A–B–D–C in the piano part. It is performed in both styles, particularly in the outer sections of the piece. The final movement of Hindemith's Ludus Tonalis, the Postludium, is an exact retrograde inversion of the work's opening Praeludium.